Master planning involves the analysis of a total given site that is intended to accommodate the present and future needs of a client or organization. Consideration is given to traffic access and adjoining properties as well as the potential for future developments within proximity of the site in arriving at a phased development that, when completed, is represented by the master plan.

As a tool, the master plan can offer a focus or direction for the future development of a site while not being restricted to a given scheme. It can be updated over time to reflect new requirements or changes in thinking. In a sense, it is not unlike a business plan.